> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://help.sbtinstruments.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://help.sbtinstruments.com/mpd/workflows/cross-check/plate-dilutions.md).

# Plate dilutions

In the previous step, you calculated which dilutions to use for plating. Now you will prepare the dilution series and do the plating.

We assume that you will use pour plates, Compact Dry, or Petrifilm®. These techniques use 1 mL for plating. Please refer to [Plate smarter](/mpd/workflows/plate-smarter.md) if you are using only 0.1 mL for the Drigalsky or similar technique.

<figure><img src="/files/3RLZTHa1Ymd4zuKgBiUO" alt=""><figcaption><p>Dilution series for plate counts. The 15 mL centrifuge vial has a concentration of 1×10<sup>10</sup> cells/mL. A 1:10 dilution is prepared by transferring 1 mL sample to 9 mL buffered peptone water (or similar). The lowest numbers shows the cells/mL for the individual vials. Eight 1:10 dilutions are needed to dilute to 100 cells/mL. We recommend <a data-mention href="/pages/cKM6SEfU02gZx9C7mkFS#bracketing-dilutions">/pages/cKM6SEfU02gZx9C7mkFS#bracketing-dilutions</a>. Use the cyan bracket when plating 1 mL. Use the magenta bracket when plating 0.1 mL.</p></figcaption></figure>

{% hint style="success" %}

## Always make a new dilution series for each plate count repeat

It is tempting to use the same dilution series for the replicates, but always make a new dilution series as this provides a more reliable average and standard deviation of the method.
{% endhint %}

## Step by step

{% stepper %}
{% step %}

### Rack and label tubes

Place sufficient number of 9 mL buffered peptone vials in a rack.\
In the above illustrated example you would need 9 vials for each plate count repeat.

Label the vials. Since the culture vial is 10<sup>0</sup>, the subsequent vial will be 10<sup>-1</sup>. Leave out the base number (10) to save time.

<figure><img src="/files/GIsGU9AqWK3HjQMkajKq" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Vortex briefly

Vortex the sampling vial 5 seconds at max speed to ensure even dispersion of cells. This assumes that the sample was already aggressively disaggregated in the step [Retrieve culture sample](/mpd/workflows/cross-check/retrieve-culture-sample.md).
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Dilute 1:10

Transfer 1 mL sample to 9 mL buffered peptone water or equivalent suitable sterile dilution medium for your culture. Vortex 10 seconds at max speed.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Continue dilutions

Repeat step 3 until the cell concentration in the diluted vial is within \~2 - 25 cells/mL.

In the above illustrated example, this would be a total of 9 dilutions.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Select the vials for plating

Pick the vials bracket that covers the expected optimal dilution and the two adjacent vials.

In the above illustrated example, you should remove vials <kbd>-1</kbd> to <kbd>-6</kbd> so only vial <kbd>-7</kbd>, <kbd>-8</kbd>, and <kbd>-9</kbd> is left in the rack. This represents the <mark style="color:cyan;">cyan bracket</mark>.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Label agar plate / Compact Dry / Petrifilm®

Label each plate with the corresponding dilution and repeat.\
In the above illustrated example, we would write <kbd>-7#1</kbd>, <kbd>-8#1</kbd>, and <kbd>-9#1</kbd>.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Plate the dilutions

Plate 1 mL of each vial to the corresponding agar plate.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Do two more dilution and plating repeats

Repeat step 1-7 two times for two additional plate count repeats. Once you are done, you should have three plates of each dilution bracket.
{% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Incubate

Incubate at preferred growth conditions. For *E. coli* this would be 37 °C.
{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}

## Summary

You have now finalized the plating. Wait for the plates to incubate and proceed to [Count colonies](/mpd/workflows/cross-check/check-remaining-cultures.md).<br>


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